A scientist is studying the effect of a toxin on bacteria cells. Placebo Effect – A phenomenon when patients in the control group experience the same effects as those in the treatment group, though no treatment was given.ġ.Scientific Method – The steps scientist follow to ensure their results are valid and reproducible.Variable – The part of the experiment being studied which is changed, or altered, throughout the experiment.
Other scientists claim that unknown variables in the experiment caused the patients to get better. Some scientists have suggested that people get better simply because they believed they were going to get better, but this theory remains untested. Scientists call this the placebo effect, and as of yet it is mostly unexplained. In some drug trials, where the control group is given a fake medicine, patients start to see results. However, the control groups have also demonstrated an interesting effect, known as the placebo effect This practice of having a control group is important for drug trial, because it validates the results obtained. This is a sugar pill usually and contains no medicine. Instead, to keep the control group the same as the treatment groups, the patients in the control group are also given a pill. Oftentimes, control groups in drug trials consist of people who also have the disease or ailment, but who don’t receive the medicine being tested. Although control groups were just considered good science, they have found an interesting phenomena in drug trials. When drugs are tested on humans, control groups are also used. The control group is important because it will tell the student if the starch breaks down without the enzyme, which it will, given enough time. In this way, the student can tell how long the enzymes in each beaker take to completely process the same amount of substrate. As the enzyme depletes the starch in each beaker, the solution clears up and is a lighter yellow or brown color. When iodine is in the presence of starch, it turns black. In the control group, a beaker is filled with starch and iodine, but no enzyme. In several treatment beakers are placed the following ingredients: starch, iodine, and the different solutions of enzyme. Once various solutions of different strength enzyme have been produced, the experiment can begin. The concentration of enzyme can be varied by dividing the stock solution and adding in various amounts of water. Human spit contains the enzyme amylase, which breaks down starches. The student can prepare a stock solution of enzyme by spitting into a beaker.
In a simple biological lab experiment, students can test the effects of different concentrations of enzyme. Examples of Control Group Testing Enzyme Strength This ensures that the results obtained are valid. This is the case in many artificially selected lab species, which have been selected to be very similar to each other. Ideally, the organisms would all be clones of each other, to reduce genetic differences. In biological studies, it is also important that the organisms in the treatment and control groups come from the same population. In a study of plants, for instance, all the plants would ideally be in the same room, with the same light and air conditions. This insures that only the effects produced by the variable are being measured. Ideally, the control group is subject to the same exact conditions as the treatment groups. Most experiments try to add the variable back in increments to different treatment groups, to really begin to discern the effects of the variable in the system. This insures that the effects of the variable are being studied. The variable that is being studied in the experiment is not changed or is limited to zero in the control group. The control group provides a baseline in the experiment. When statistics refer to something being “X times more likely to happen” they are referring to the difference in the measurement between the treatment and control group. Without the control group, there would be nothing to compare the treatment group to. In scientific experiments, the control group is the group of subject that receive no treatment or a standardized treatment.
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